Abuse
(9-27-05)

Consequences:

Jackson, Philp, Nuttall, & Diller (2002) suggest that mild TBI may be a "hidden consequence" for many battered women. In a sample of 53 battered women, they found 92% reporting having received blows to the head and 40% reporting loss of consciousness; and found a significant correlation between reported frequency of being hit in the head and postconcussive symptoms.

Partner Abuse

A history of early behavior problems was the developmental anticedent of partner abuse most consistently identified in multivariate analyses by Magdol, Moffitt, Caspi, & Silva (1998)

In a primary care setting Oriel & Fleming (1998) found prevalence rates of mild violence (6-11%) and severe violence (3-4%) reported by males. Self-reported symptoms of depression, drinking more than two drinks on average, and any history of abuse as a child increased a man's probability of violence from a baseline of 7% to 41% if all three risk factors were present. Witnessing parental violence and living with children from a partner's previous relationship were also associated with violence.